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Components of .Net Framework

There are many articles are available in the web on this topic; I just want to add one more article over the web by explaining Components of .Net Framework.

Components of .Net Framework

Components.jpg

Net Framework is a platform that provides tools and technologies to develop Windows, Web and Enterprise applications. It mainly contains two components,

1.   Common Language Runtime (CLR)

2.    .Net Framework Class Library.

1. Common Language Runtime (CLR)

.Net Framework
provides runtime environment called Common Language Runtime (CLR).It provides an environment to run all the .Net Programs. The code which runs under the CLR is called as Managed Code. Programmers need not to worry on managing the memory if the programs are running under the CLR as it provides memory management and thread management.

Programmatically, when our program needs memory, CLR allocates the memory for scope and de-allocates the memory if the scope is completed.

Language Compilers (e.g. C#, VB.Net, J#) will convert the Code/Program to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) intern this will be converted to Native Code by CLR. See the below Fig. 

MSILCode.jpg

There are currently over 15 language compilers being built by Microsoft and other companies also producing the code that will execute under CLR.

2.    .Net Framework Class Library (FCL)

This is also called as Base Class Library and it is common for all types of applications i.e. the way you access the Library Classes and Methods in VB.NET will be the same in C#, and it is common for all other languages in .NET.

The following are different types of applications that can make use of .net class library. 

1.                   Windows Application.

2.                   Console Application

3.                   Web Application.

4.                   XML Web Services.

5.                   Windows Services.

In short, developers just need to import the BCL in their language code and use its predefined methods and properties to implement common and complex functions like reading and writing to file, graphic rendering, database interaction, and XML document manipulation.

Below are the few more concepts that we need to know and understand as part of this .Net framework. 

3.  
Common Type System (CTS)

It describes set of data types that can be used in different .Net languages in common. (i.e), CTS ensures that objects written in different .Net languages can interact with each other.

For Communicating between programs written in any .NET complaint language, the types have to be compatible on the basic level.

The common type system supports two general categories of types: 

Value types:


Value types directly contain their data, and instances of value types are either allocated on the stack or allocated inline in a structure. Value types can be built-in (implemented by the runtime), user-defined, or enumerations.

Reference types:


Reference types store a reference to the value's memory address, and are allocated on the heap. Reference types can be self-describing types, pointer types, or interface types. The type of a reference type can be determined from values of self-describing types. Self-describing types are further split into arrays and class types. The class types are user-defined classes, boxed value types, and delegates. 

4. Common Language Specification (CLS)

It is a sub set of CTS and it specifies a set of rules that needs to be adhered or satisfied by all language compilers targeting CLR. It helps in cross language inheritance and cross language debugging.

Common language specification Rules:


It describes the minimal and complete set of features to produce code that can be hosted by CLR. It ensures that products of compilers will work properly in .NET environment. 

Sample Rules: 

1.       Representation of text strings 

2.       Internal representation of enumerations 

3.       Definition of static members and this is a subset of the CTS which all .NET languages are expected to support.

4.   Microsoft has defined CLS which are nothing but guidelines that language to follow so that it can communicate with other .NET languages in a seamless manner.

Below mentioned the .Net Architecture stack for easy understanding.

dotnet framework stack.png
 
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Jayanthan JVP
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Juhi Chauhan
Very helpful article
Vishal
Helpful contain
mohan kumar santha
pretty good explanation but expected little bit explanation on .Net architecture stack. any way awesome information thanks jayanthan.
Piyush Dixit
good content cleared some major doubts
Neelavathi M
very helpful article, content delivery is crisp and clear
Sandip Mansukhani
Very helpful to understand the components
Rashmi M G
Good to understand but it should be in elaborated manner.
SK Alam
Good subjection,
Ashish yadav
Easy way learning nd simple sentence nd follow chart is explain is very easy
sdd
NICE
Asharani Sanjay malagave
Nice
shabeer
good.but, FCL is not called base class library(BCL),FCL is the superset of base class library.
Mohan singh
Thanks for provide norts And it is very important in my life your norts . Thanks you sir .
Mishel
very helpful to understand
Sivaranjini
It's very useful to understand the basic concepts of .net.. thank you. please publish more article regarding .net
Neel
very helpful info to understand basics... Thank you.
Bharat Patel
Good Explain
Pooja Choudhary
This article used very easy words that is easy to understand for me
Saima amin
Thank you so much...very easy to understand helped me a lot
Sachin
.Net frameworks
Isha Gupta
It was very very helpful thank you so much amazing content ????????????????????
chowdary
It is very easy to understand.should explain more about CLS. and CLI.Very Simple article.So,Easy to learn more things..Thank you very much..
Ranjeet Singh
It is very easy to understand.
Richard
Nice articular, should explain more about CLS. and CLI
sagar
our collage following this artical. and we also enjoy while reading this artical .thanks for everyone.
Poojeet Loo
Is very article helpful. Thank you so very much
neha
it is very easy to understand. Thanks...
anupriya
thank you
Riya
This really helped me out????
NIKHIL
Very Simple article.So,Easy to learn more things..Thank you very much..
monika
your article wording is very clear for understanding each and every component of .net
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andi
pooja totre
Nice to learn and it so easy
amol
Thanks
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please send me dotnet material.
SHILPIII
VERY ANSWER
karthick mani
Your every works helpful to every new developers....keep on it ,all the best..dear friend
Mansoor
thank you very much,so simply explained .cool
jee
Very useful article. I have few queries. Is CTS is used only by language compilers and CLS is used only by CLR?
kalpana
very nice explanation sir!!! But, I've a query i.e. Is it correct that dotnet supports 70pls languages.
Naveen Roy
Good Explanation sir.. Thanks
Jogendra
Thanks For basic Explanation
prasanna
very usefully .net fame work. thanks .
sahil kumar
Good Explain
Sridhar
Thanks For Very Clear Explanation
DEVAKI
excellent
Jatin
Hi Jayanthan, The explanation was really very great. cleared all my doubts. Thanks
Lalit pratap
Dear you can't say .Net supported 70 language
ibrahim shaik
Excellent
Swapnil Tikale
Very good and brief information about working of framework components
Priyanka Bhadouria
good site to learn..
Rijo
Nice
deepanshi
it's good article.it provide whole information about .net framework in easy language
Somu
Good article but you should elaborate on CTS
Phenomenal
Good Article dude..!!
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priya
vry gud.
suraj bhatt
thnk you soo muchh sir for the informationn
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i like that notes
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BOYDX
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Ruchir andharia
I am very happy to read your about the .net framework component. One point in this article is not clear in terms practicle senario in my mind that is Comman type specification. Please provide good practicle example in terms of different languages so i clears .
amit Kumar Singh
It's nice
Nisha
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Balakrishnan
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Rajat Saxena
Really useful article. Thank You
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ramya
Used for easy to Understand.
DHEERAJ TRIPATHI
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Good... Understandable works... V.GOOD.....
sachin
Good understandable easily Thanksss!!!
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junior mario
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Dharmendra Chaudhary
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Its Nice Article Easily Understanding
riyas
nice
Murugan
Nice articles... Regards, Murugan Email : muruganprofiles@gmail.com
Mallikarjun S
Nice dude............
Yogesh
useful...
shahma
very clear and simplified explanation of such an important typical concepts..
ShaikhGausiya
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suresh
Nice....
Amit Gadhave
Good explanation
MOHAMED
Provide me with information about vb.net thank you.
preet
gud,, useful articl
Bhavin Mistry
It is easy to understand provides .net framework 4.0 and content is very easy
Arsh
Nice artical
junaidm295
very usefull mater
rajiv.iec20
nice mater there
ashish.patidar04
not bed
ikale86
this is more helpful for us. thank you
Jayanthan.Jvp
Hi nvibhute777 & nitin.jaware25, I have updated this article and also updated the Rules of CLS. Leave your comment if i missed anything. Thanks.
nantar.takto
laiiii bhari
nvibhute777
this is basic & important point but explin in detail.
nitin.jaware25
may i knw the rules of common language specification? explain exact working of common type system with example?
mangeshtakat
good article. got much of necessary information.
rajeshdhakar786
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